Threads stitched through fabric are drawn together to reduce the fullness of a material to a required width. University of Arts London
I came across some samples I did for the City and Guilds course and though I would share them with you,
Gathering done by hand uses running stitch. Lines of stitches are sewn, then the thread is pulled to bring in the fabric. The length of the stitch will effect the size and look of the gathers. Large stitches will create bigger, looser looking gathers while smaller stitches create a tighter look.
Gathered cloth can also be used as the basis for other art techniques such as rubbings.
Have a fun day!
Cynthia